Last data update: May 06, 2024. (Total: 46732 publications since 2009)
Records 1-8 (of 8 Records) |
Query Trace: Pasi O[original query] |
---|
Case management of imported Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever, Senegal, July 2023
Gueye YB , Sall Y , Roka JL , Diagne I , Sow KD , Diallo A , Dièye PS , Diallo JP , Diop B , Pasi O . Emerg Infect Dis 2024 30 (4) 805-807 We report an imported Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever case in Senegal. The patient received PCR confirmation of virus infection 10 days after symptom onset. We identified 46 patient contacts in Senegal; 87.7% were healthcare professionals. Strengthening border crossing and community surveillance systems can help reduce the risks of infectious disease transmission. |
SARS-CoV-2 case detection using community event-based surveillance system-February-September 2020: lessons learned from Senegal
Seck O , Loko Roka J , Ndiaye M , Namageyo-Funa A , Abdoulaye S , Mangane A , Dieye NL , Ndoye B , Diop B , Ting J , Pasi O . BMJ Glob Health 2023 8 (6) The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the rapid development and implementation of effective surveillance systems to detect and respond to the outbreak in Senegal. In this documentation, we describe the design and implementation of the Community Event-Based Surveillance (CEBS) system in Senegal to strengthen the existing Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response system. The CEBS system used a hotline and toll-free number to collect and triage COVID-19-related calls from the community. Data from the CEBS system were integrated with the national system for further investigation and laboratory testing. From February to September 2020, a total of 10 760 calls were received by the CEBS system, with 10 751 calls related to COVID-19. The majority of calls came from the Dakar region, which was the epicentre of the outbreak in Senegal. Of the COVID-19 calls, 50.2% were validated and referred to health districts for further investigation, and 25% of validated calls were laboratory-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2. The implementation of the CEBS system allowed for timely detection and response to potential COVID-19 cases, contributing to the overall surveillance efforts in the country. Lessons learned from this experience include the importance of decentralised CEBS, population sensitisation on hotlines and toll-free usage, and the potential role of Community Health Workers in triaging alerts that needs further analysis. This experience highlights the contribution of a CEBS system in Senegal and provides insights into the design and operation of such a system. The findings can inform other countries in strengthening their surveillance systems and response strategies. |
Seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in Senegal: a national population-based cross-sectional survey, between October and November 2020.
Talla C , Loucoubar C , Roka JL , Barry MA , Ndiaye S , Diarra M , Thiam MS , Faye O , Dia M , Diop M , Ndiaye O , Tall A , Faye R , Mbow AA , Diouf B , Diallo JP , Keita IM , Ndiaye M , Woudenberg T , White M , Ting J , Diagne CT , Pasi O , Diop B , Sall AA , Vigan-Womas I , Faye O . IJID Reg 2022 3 117-125 OBJECTIVES: A nationwide cross-sectional epidemiological survey was conducted to capture the true extent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exposure in Senegal. METHODS: Multi-stage random cluster sampling of households was performed between October and November 2020, at the end of the first wave of COVID-19 transmission. Anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies were screened using three distinct ELISA assays. Adjusted prevalence rates for the survey design were calculated for each test separately, and thereafter combined. Crude and adjusted prevalence rates based on test performance were estimated to assess the seroprevalence. As some samples were collected in high malaria endemic areas, the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 seroreactivity and antimalarial humoral immunity was also investigated. RESULTS: Of the 1463 participants included in this study, 58.8% were female and 41.2% were male; their mean age was 29.2 years (range 0.20-84.8.0 years). The national seroprevalence was estimated at 28.4% (95% confidence interval 26.1-30.8%). There was substantial regional variability. All age groups were impacted, and the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 was comparable in the symptomatic and asymptomatic groups. An estimated 4 744 392 (95% confidence interval 4 360 164-5 145 327) were potentially infected with SARS-CoV-2 in Senegal, while 16 089 COVID-19 RT-PCR laboratory-confirmed cases were reported by the national surveillance. No correlation was found between SARS-CoV-2 and Plasmodium seroreactivity. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide a better estimate of SARS-CoV-2 dissemination in the Senegalese population. Preventive and control measures need to be reinforced in the country and especially in the south border regions. |
Strengthening timely detection and reporting of unusual respiratory events from health facilities in Yaounde, Cameroon
Alroy KA , Gwom LC , Ndongo CB , Kenmoe S , Monamele G , Clara A , Whitaker B , Manga H , Tayimetha CY , Tseuko D , Etogo B , Pasi O , Etoundi AG , Seukap E , Njouom R , Balajee A . Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2020 14 (2) 122-128 BACKGROUND: The International Health Regulations state that early detection and immediate reporting of unusual health events is important for early warning and response systems. OBJECTIVE: To describe a pilot surveillance program established in health facilities in Yaounde, Cameroon in 2017 which aimed to enable detection and reporting of public health events. METHODS: Cameroon's Ministry of Health, in partnership with the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Cameroon Pasteur Center, and National Public Health Laboratory, implemented event-based surveillance (EBS) in nine Yaounde health facilities. Four signals were defined that could indicate possible public health events, and a reporting, triage, and verification system was established among partner organizations. A pre-defined laboratory algorithm was defined, and a series of workshops trained health facilities, laboratory, and public health staff for surveillance implementation. RESULTS: From May 2017 to January 2018, 30 signals were detected, corresponding to 15 unusual respiratory events. All health facilities reported a signal at least once, and more than three-quarters of health facilities reported >/=2 times. Among specimens tested, the pathogens detected included Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenza, Staphylococcus aureus, Pneumocystis jiroveci, influenza A (H1N1) virus, rhinovirus, and adenovirus. CONCLUSIONS: The events detected in this pilot were caused by routine respiratory bacteria and viruses, and no novel influenza viruses or other emerging respiratory threats were identified. The surveillance system, however, strengthened relationships and communication linkages between health facilities and public health authorities. Astute clinicians can play a critical role in early detection and EBS is one approach that may enable reporting of emerging outbreaks and public health events. |
CDC support for global public health emergency management
Brencic DJ , Pinto M , Gill A , Kinzer MH , Hernandez L , Pasi OG . Emerg Infect Dis 2017 23 (13) S183-9 Recent pandemics and rapidly spreading outbreaks of infectious diseases have illustrated the interconnectedness of the world and the importance of improving the international community's ability to effectively respond. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), building on a strong foundation of lessons learned through previous emergencies, international recognition, and human and technical expertise, has aspired to support nations around the world to strengthen their public health emergency management (PHEM) capacity. PHEM principles streamline coordination and collaboration in responding to infectious disease outbreaks, which align with the core capacities outlined in the International Health Regulations 2005. CDC supports PHEM by providing in-country technical assistance, aiding the development of plans and procedures, and providing fellowship opportunities for public health emergency managers. To this end, CDC partners with US agencies, international partners, and multilateral organizations to support nations around the world to reduce illness and death from outbreaks of infectious diseases. |
Sustainable model for public health emergency operations centers for global settings
Balajee SA , Pasi OG , Etoundi AGM , Rzeszotarski P , Do TT , Hennessee I , Merali S , Alroy KA , Phu TD , Mounts AW . Emerg Infect Dis 2017 23 (13) S190-5 Capacity to receive, verify, analyze, assess, and investigate public health events is essential for epidemic intelligence. Public health Emergency Operations Centers (PHEOCs) can be epidemic intelligence hubs by 1) having the capacity to receive, analyze, and visualize multiple data streams, including surveillance and 2) maintaining a trained workforce that can analyze and interpret data from real-time emerging events. Such PHEOCs could be physically located within a ministry of health epidemiology, surveillance, or equivalent department rather than exist as a stand-alone space and serve as operational hubs during nonoutbreak times but in emergencies can scale up according to the traditional Incident Command System structure. |
Outbreaks of unexplained neurologic illness - Muzaffarpur, India, 2013-2014
Shrivastava A , Srikantiah P , Kumar A , Bhushan G , Goel K , Kumar S , Kumar T , Mohankumar R , Pandey R , Pathan P , Pappanna M , Pasi A , Pradhan A , Singh P , Somashekar D , Velayudhan A , Yadav R , Chhabra M , Mittal V , Khare S , Sejvar JJ , Dwivedi M , Laserson K , Earhart KC , Sivaperumal P , Kumar AR , Chakrabarti A , Thomas J , Schier J , Singh R , Singh RS , Dhariwal AC , Chauhan LS . MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2015 64 (3) 49-53 Outbreaks of an unexplained acute neurologic illness affecting young children and associated with high case-fatality rates have been reported in the Muzaffarpur district of Bihar state in India since 1995. The outbreaks generally peak in June and decline weeks later with the onset of monsoon rains. There have been multiple epidemiologic and laboratory investigations of this syndrome, leading to a wide spectrum of proposed causes for the illness, including infectious encephalitis and exposure to pesticides. An association between illness and litchi fruit has been postulated because Muzaffarpur is a litchi fruit-producing region. To better characterize clinical and epidemiologic features of the illness that might suggest its cause and how it can be prevented, the Indian National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and CDC investigated outbreaks in 2013 and 2014. Clinical and laboratory findings in 2013 suggested a noninflammatory encephalopathy, possibly caused by a toxin. A common laboratory finding was low blood glucose (<70 mg/dL) on admission, a finding associated with a poorer outcome; 44% of all cases were fatal. An ongoing 2014 investigation has found no evidence of any infectious etiology and supports the possibility that exposure to a toxin might be the cause. The outbreak period coincides with the month-long litchi harvesting season in Muzaffarpur. Although a specific etiology has not yet been determined, the 2014 investigation has identified the illness as a hypoglycemic encephalopathy and confirmed the importance of ongoing laboratory evaluation of environmental toxins to identify a potential causative agent, including markers for methylenecyclopropylglycine (MCPG), a compound found in litchi seeds known to cause hypoglycemia in animal studies. Current public health recommendations are focused on reducing mortality by urging affected families to seek prompt medical care, and ensuring rapid assessment and correction of hypoglycemia in ill children. |
Impact of a measles outbreak response immunization campaign: Maroua, Cameroon, 2009
Goodson JL , Sosler S , Pasi O , Johnson T , Kobella M , Monono ME , Uzicanin A . J Infect Dis 2011 204 Suppl 1 S252-9 A large measles outbreak occurred in Maroua, Cameroon during October 2008-April 2009; a nine-day outbreak response immunization (ORI) campaign was initiated 15 weeks after the start of the outbreak during high transmission season. To assess the impact of ORI, we described changes to case counts and characteristics before and after ORI, and the reporting efficiency of measles cases to the surveillance system. A sharp decrease in cases occurred from 555 cases during the period before ORI to 162 cases during the period after ORI; reporting efficiency was 79.5% before ORI and 93.0% after ORI. These findings highlight the potential benefits of rapid implementation of recommended ORI strategies during measles outbreaks in Africa. |
- Page last reviewed:Feb 1, 2024
- Page last updated:May 06, 2024
- Content source:
- Powered by CDC PHGKB Infrastructure